上海交通大学附属中学2020-2021学年高中一年级下学期期中英语考试试题

Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked, A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that beast completes the sentence.

21. -- David has made great progress recently.

-- ________, and ________.

A. So he has ... so you have B. So he has ... so have you

C. So has he ... so do you D. So has he ... so you have

22. You should take control of your life ________ it is planning coursework or picking a major.

A. whenever B. whether C. whatever D. no matter

23. Although there is more female participation in IT workforce, ________ a significant imbalance of male and female senior positions.

A. it remains B. there remains C. there remaining D. that remains

24. Out of suffering ________.

A. have emerged the strongest souls B. emerged the strongest souls have

C. have the strongest souls emerged D. the strongest souls have emerged

25. They didn’t discover until they happened to enter the back room ________ someone had stolen the priceless painting.

A. that B. what C. which D. when

26. The purpose of the research project has a more different meaning for them than ________.

A. that for us B. it has for us C. it did for us D. it did for ours

27. ________, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.

A. Strange as might it sound B. As it might sound strange

C. As strange it might sound D. Strange as it might sound

28. -- Did Bob take the job in the supermarket?  -- No, but I think he ________.

A. will have B. may have C. should have D. must have

29. The Qingming Festival, now a national holiday, allows more people to pay their respects to dead relatives on ________ would otherwise be a workday like Friday.

A. where B. that C. when D. what

30. ________ in the northwest of China, Xian is seen as he birthplace of the country’s civilization.

A. Locating B. Being located C. To locate D. Located

31. ________ has recently been done to provide more buses, a shortage of public vehicles remains a serious problem.

A. That B. What C. In spite of what D. Though what

32. Anyone who wants to can call any timepiece a clock, but technically speaking, only ________ ones ring out the time actually deserve the name.

A. whatever B. whenever C. whichever D. wherever

33. Along with enthusiasm for composing music ________ his devotion to cultivating young people’s passion for music.

A. come B. comes C. coming D. to come

34. The literature masterpiece Macbeth by Shakespeare will be better understood if readers look at the tragedy in the historical ________ of the Elizabethan and Jacobean periods, an era of relative stability.

A. content B. contest C. context D. contact

35. Letting virtual assistants, such as Amazon’s Alexa, take care of your home is a ________ for disaster to some, because 人工智能-infused systems may demonstrate unpredictable behaviors that can be disruptive, confusing, offensive, and even dangerous.

A. TOPic B. shortcut C. cure D. recipe

36. President Donald Trump’s first state dinner excluded Democratic members of Congress and the media, which was criticized by many as a ________ from tradition.

A. departure B. benefit C. escape D. lesson

Section B

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

（A）

The view that the spirit of adventure no longer has any scope for its enterprise seems, at first glance, depressingly true. The highest mountains have been scaled; the deepest seas plumbed. Maps today no longer contain huge blanks marked “Unknown Territory”, nor do they make random guesses at the shapes of __37__ land-masses. All major journeys of exploration to __38__ the true shape and nature of the globe have been made in the past. It was left to us to fill in the details with __39__ which once would have been considered impossible. The gaps have been __40__. What next?

The obvious answer, of course, is that man is now looking upwards into space. Discoveries are being made at such a tremendous rate that even authors of science-fiction are finding it difficult to keep up with them and have to tax their imagination to invent bigger and better space-craft. Satellites sending signals as they swing round our globe have become __41__. Astronauts have successfully landed on the moon and its entire surface has been photographed. The information that satellites may provide fueling stations for manned rockets no longer strikes us as preposterous. If thirty years ago, a scientist has urged that we send messages into outer space in the hope of receiving an answer, he would have been regarded as either irresponsible or mad. Now, anything seems __42__.

From dreams like these, we return to earth with a bump. Trips into space are all very well, but they are not for us; we must __43__ ourselves with our own, much-traveled world. The earth itself is the training-ground for adventurous spirits, for “adventure” need not mean the seeking out of something new. A person can be called adventurous when he finds out something for himself, and it does not matter how many times the discovery has been made before. No one would say that men who set out now to cross the forbidding Antarctic are less enterprising than their predecessors who tried to do the same thing. The little boy who climbs the small hill that __44__ his town, or even he who tries to climbs and fails, has precisely the same spirit that led Hillary to climb Everest. For the bold spirit and inquiring mind, there are inexhaustible possibilities. So long as there are people willing to __45__ places that are well-known, there will be those who will, one day, set foot on remote and __46__ shores.

（B）

NASA is on a journey to Mars, with a goal of sending humans to the Red Planet in the 2030s. That journey is already well under way.

For decades, the agency and its partners have sent orbiters, landers and rovers , __47__ increasing our knowledge about the Red Planet and paving the way for future human explorers. The Curiosity rover has gathered radiation data to help us protect future astronauts, and the upcoming Mars 2020 rover will study the __48__ of Martian resources, including oxygen.

Building on the robotic legacy , the human exploration of Mars crosses three thresholds , each with __49__ challenges as humans move farther from Earth: Earth Reliant, the Proving Ground, and Earth Independent.

Earth Reliant explorations is __50__ on research aboard the International Space Station. The orbiting microgravity laboratory serves as a world - class test bed for the technologies and communications systems needed for human missions to deep space. Astronauts are learning about what it takes to live and work in space for long periods of time, improving our understanding of how the body changes in space and how to protect astronauts’ health.

Next, we move into the Proving Ground, __51__ a series of missions near the moon called “cislunar space” to test the capabilities we will need to live and work at Mars. Astronauts on the space station are only hours away from Earth, but the proving ground is days away, a __52__ stepping stone to a Mars mission, which will be months away from home.

Also in the 2020s, we’ll send astronauts on a year-long mission into this deep space proving ground, confirming habitation and testing our __53__ for Mars.

Finally, we become Earth Independent, building on the knowledge __54__ on the space station and in deep space to send humans to low-Mars orbit in the early 2030s.

This phase will also test the entry, descent and landing techniques needed to get to the Martin surface and study what’s needed for in-situ resource utilization or “living off the land”. NASA is already studying the __55__ “Exploration Zones” on Mars that would offer compelling science research and provide resources our astronauts can use.

There are challenges to __56__ Mars, but we know they are solvable. We are well on our way to getting there, landing there, and living there.

Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Green Collar Section

What is ecotourism? According to the International Ecotourism Society, ecotourism can be defined as responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment and __57__ the well-being of local people. That is to say, most ecotourism experiences are __58__ at helping people to foster an appreciation of the environment, the conservation of wildlife, plants and resources, and respect and understanding of native __59__.

Ecotourism is socially important because it provides a way for people to travel responsibly, and to learn about and respect the environment of these natural places. Ideally, ecotourism professionals organize and __60__ an experience that demonstrates local environmental sustainability and cultural sensitivity for travelers.

At the university level, ecotourism programs are usually found in environmental science and recreation management departments. Students learn basic knowledge about different __61__ of tourism as well as conservational issues . And in more advanced programs, students will focus on nature-based education, such as and ecological issues. __64__, it is also helpful, and sometimes __65__, to be fluent in a foreign language, or students will not be able to hold a global insight. After graduation, it is also __66__ for students to receive further career training programs, such as Group Dynamics for Ecotourism, Green Event Planning, Natural Resource Assessment and Planning. Intercultural Communications, Wilderness ">As the threat to our planet __67__ in many communities, their inhabitants are becoming more interested in the natural world around them and in ways to conserve the environment. Ecotourism is growing at three times the __68__ of the tourism sector itself, and demanding more knowledgeable workers __69__ to sustainability.

Jobs in ecotourism can be highly risky and adventurous, but also limited by season. Green travel employees generally work for private companies, government and public institutions, and nonprofits. Salaries in ecotourism __70__ from field to field, but it helps to have a degree and some experience. Group leaders and travel guides are responsible for guiding tours through the ecosplayystems of various destinations __71__ pointing out the benefits of green travel and a green lifestyle. Leaders and guides come from a wide range of backgrounds. Many will have experience in the tourism industry, while some will be scientists looking for positions in education.

57. A. dominates B. cultivates C. ruins D. sustains

58. A. bound B. aimed C. intended D. destined

59. A. peoples B. languages C. bonds D. habitats

60. A. alter B. taste C. execute D. undergo

61. A. properties B. advantages C. opinions D. respects

62. A. deserve B. reserve C. preserve D. conserve

63. A. exhaustion B. fulfillment C. advantage D. exploitation

64. A. Moreover B. Therefore C. Likewise D. After all

65. A. controlled B. requested C. selective D. compulsory

66. A. applicable B. obliged C. critical D. subtle

67. A. turns down B. turns up C. turns off D. turns on

68. A. rate B. width C. scale D. extension

69. A. devoting B. contributed C. adapting D. committed

70. A. count B. different C. range D. vary

71. A. while B. because C. even if D. if

Section B

Directions: Read the following three passage. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

（A）

The art of public speaking began in ancient Greece over 2,000 years go. Now, twitter, instant messaging, e-mail, blogs and chat forums offer rival approaches to communication - but none can replace the role of a great speech.

The spoken word can handle various vital functions: persuading or inspiring, informing, paying tribute, entertaining, or simply introducing someone or something or accepting something.

Over the past year, the human voice has helped guide us over the ups and downs of what was certainly a stormy time.

Persuasion is used in dealing with or reconciling different points of view. When the leaders met in Copenhagen in December 2009, persuasive words from activists encouraged them to commit themselves to firmer action.

Inspirational speeches confront the emotions. They focus on TOPics and matters that are close to people’s hearts. During wars, generals used inspiring speeches to prepare the troops for battle.

A speech that conveys knowledge and enhances understanding can inform us. The information must be clear, accurate, and expressed in a meaningful and interesting way. When the H1N1 pandemic  announced, the idea of “swine flu”  scared many people. Informative speeches from World Health Organization officials helped people to keep their panic under control so they could take sensible precautions.

Sad events are never easy to deal with but a speech that pays tribute to the loss of a loved one and gives praise for their contribution can be comforting. Madonna’s speech about Michael Jackson, after his death, highlighted the fact that he will continue to live on through his music.

It’s not only in world forums where public speaking plays an important role. It can also be surprisingly helpful in the course of our own lives.

If you’re taking part in a debate you need to persuade the listeners of the soundness of your argument. In sports, athletes know the importance of a pep talk  before a match to inspire teammates. You yourself may be asked to do a presentation at college or work to inform the others about an area of vital importance.

On a more personal level, a friend may be upset and need comforting. Or you might be asked to introduce a speaker at a family event or to speak at a wedding, where your language will be needed to move people or make them laugh.

Great speaking ability is not something we’re born with. Even Barack Obama works hard to perfect every speech. For a brilliant speech, there are rules that you can put to good use. To learn those rules you have to practice and learn from some outstanding speeches in the past.

72. The author thinks the spoken word is still irreplaceable because _________.

A. it has always been used to inspire or persuade people.

B. it has a big role to play in the entertainment business.

C. it plays important roles in human communication.

D. it is of great use in everyday-life context.

73. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the role of public speaking?

A. Speeches at world forums can lead to effective solutions to world problems.

B. Speeches from medical authorities can calm people down in times of pandemics.

C. The morale of soldiers before a battle can be boosted by senior officers’ speeches.

D. Speeches paying tribute to the dead can comfort the mourners.

74. According to the passage, which of the following best explains the author’s view on “great speaking ability”?

A. It comes from observing rules.

B. It can be perfected with easy effort.

C. It can be acquired from birth.

D. It comes from learning and practice.

75. What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Public speaking in international forums.

B. The many uses of public speaking.

C. Public speaking in daily life context.

D. The rules of public speaking.

（B）

76. On December 25th, 2014, the first coach from Heathrow Terminal 1 to Reading departs at ________.

A.7:15 B.7:00 C.6:50 D.6:35

77. If you are to reach Terminal 2 of the Heathrow Airport before 10:00 a.m., you need to get to Reading Station not later than ________.

A.8:20 a.m. B.8:45 a.m. C.9:00 a.m. D.9:15 a.m.

78. The information leaflet is produced by ________.

A. Reading B. InterCity C. Railair link D. Heathrow Airport

79. According to the timetable, all passengers should ________.

A. buy return tickets B. buy their tickets on the bus

C. buy the tickets online D. buy their tickets in advance

（C）

The Daffodil Lesson

It was a Bleak rainy day, and I had no desire to drive up the winding mountain road to my daughter Carolyn’s house. But she had insisted that I come see something at the TOP of the mountain.

So here I was, reluctantly making the two-hour journey through fog that hung like veils. By the time I saw how thick it was near the summit, I’d gone too far to turn back. Nothing could be worth this, I thought as I inched along the dangerous highway.

“I’ll stay for lunch, but I’m heading back down as soon as the fog lifts,” I announced when I arrived.

“But I need you to drive me to the garage to pick up my car” Carolyn said. “Could we at least do that?”

“How far is it?” I asked.

“about three minutes,” she said. “I’ll drive - I’m used to it.”

After ten minutes on the mountain road, I looked at her anxiously. “I thought you said three minutes.”

She grinned. “This is detour .”

Turning down a narrow track, we parked the car and got out. We walked along a path that was thick with old pine needles. Huge black-green evergreens towered over us. Gradually the peace and silence of the place began to fill my mind.

Then we turned a corner and sTOPped - and I gasped in amazement.

From the TOP of the mountain, sloping for several acres across folds and valleys, were rivers of daffodils in radiant bloom. A profusion of color - from the palest ivory to the deepest lemon to the most vivid salmon - blazed like a carpet before us. It looked as though the sun had tipped over and spilled gold down the mountainside. At the center there was a waterfall of purple flowers. Here and there were coral - colored tulips. Western bluebirds frolicked over the heads of the daffodils, their tawny breasts and sapphire wings like a flutter of jewels.

A riot of questions filled my mind. Who created such beauty? Why? How?

As we approached the home that stood in the center of the property, we saw a sign that read: “Answers to the Questions I Know You Are Asking.”

The first answer was: “One Woman - Two Hands, Two Feet, and Very Little Brain.” The second was: “One at a Time.” The third: “Started in 1958.”

As we drove home, I was so moved by what we had seen, I could scarcely speak. “She changed the world,” I finally said, “one bulb at a time. She started almost 40 years ago, probably just the beginning of an idea, but she kept at it.”

The wonder of it would not let me go. “Imagine,” I said, “if I’d had a vision and worked at it, just a little bit every day, what might I have accomplished?”

Carolyn looked at me sideways, smiling. “Start tomorrow,” she said.

“Better yet, start today.”

80. The passage is mainly about ________.

A. a successful gardener B. an inspiring gardening lesson

C. a worthwhile travelling experience D. an unexpected countryside landscape

81. The author gasped in amazement because ________.

A. the road twisted and turned along the mountain

B. the fog crowning the mountain lifted eventually

C. the owner of the field came to answer her questions

D. the vast stretch of daffodil field took her breath away

82. What can be inferred from the story?

A. The beautiful daffodil field was all along the road.

B. The author and her daughter planned the journey well.

C. The owner of the field spent a lot of time working in the field.

D. The author planned to work in the daffodil field the next day.

83. What lessons did the author learn from this trip?

A. East or west, home is best. B. It is never too old to learn.

C. Birds of a feather flock together. D. Rome is not built in a day.

（D）

Human remains of ancient settlements will be reburied and lost to science under a law that threatens research into the history of humans in Britain, a group of leading archaeologists  says. Ina letter addressed to the justice secretary, Ken Clarke, 40 archaeologists write of their “deep and widespread concern” about the issue. It centers on the law introduced by the Ministry of Justice in 2008 which requires all human remains unearthed in England and Wales to be reburied within two years, regardless of their age. The decision means scientists have too little time to study bones and other human remains of national and cultural significance.

“Your current requirement that all archaeologically unearthed human remains should be reburied, whether after a standard period of two years or a further special extension, is contrary to basic principles of archaeological and scientific research and of museum practice,” they write.

The law applies to any pieces of bone uncovered at around 400 dig sites, including the remains of 60 or so bodies found at Stonehenge in 2008 that date back to 3,000 BC. Archaeologists have been granted a temporary extension to give them more time, but eventually the bones will have to be returned to the ground.

The arrangements may result in the waste of future discoveries at sites such as Happisburgh in Norfolk, where digging is continuing after the discovery of stone tools made by early humans 950,000 years ago. If human remains were found at Happisburgh, they would be the oldest in northern Europe and the first indication of what this species was. Under the current practice of the law those remains would have to be reburied and effectively destroyed.

Before 2008, guidelines allowed for the proper preservation and study of bones of sufficient age and historical interest, while the Burial Act 1857 applied to more recent remains. The Ministry of Justice assured archaeologists two years ago that the law was temporary, but has so far failed to revise it.

Mike Parker Pearson, an archaeologists at Sheffield University, said: “Archaeologists have been extremely patient because we were led to believe the ministry was sorting out his problem, but we feel that we cannot wait any longer.”

The ministry has no guidelines on where or how remains should be reburied, or on what records should be kept.

84. According to the passage , scientists are unhappy with the law mainly because ________.

A. it is only a temporary measure on the human remains

B. it is unreasonable and thus destructive to scientific research

C. it was introduced by the government without their knowledge

D. it is vague about where and how to rebury human remains

85. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

A. Temporary extension of two years will guarantee scientists enough time.

B. Human remains of the oldest species were dug out at Happisburgh

C. Human remains will have to be reburied despite the extension of time.

D. Scientists have been warned that the law can hardly be changed.

86. What can be inferred about the British law governing human remains?

A. The Ministry of Justice did not intend it to protect human remains

B. The Burial Act 1857 only applied to remains uncovered before 1857

C. The law on human remains hasn’t changed in recent decades.

D. The Ministry of Justice has not done enough about the law

87. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?

A. New discoveries should be reburied, the government demands.

B. Research time should be extended, scientists require.

C. Law on human remains needs thorough discussion, authorities say.

D. Law could bury ancient secrets for ever, archaeologists warn.

Ⅱ卷

Section A

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

（A）

Living a Life Full of Wild Adventures

Helen Skelton was brought up on a remote farm, and her family wasn’t full of “runners and rock climbers”. However, she has since travelled the world on ________ series of record breaking adventures. The former Blue Peter presenter has kayaked down the Amazon River, cycled to the South Pole and done a tightrope walk between the chimneys of Batter-sea Power Station in London. Now, Skelton ________ the secrets of her success in a new book called Wild Girl: How to Have Incredible Outdoor Adventures.

________ she’s got plenty of stamps in her passport, Skelton says you don’t need to go to the Amazon or Antarctica in order to have an adventure - there’s plenty to do here in the UK. She grew up in Cumbria, and would go bike-riding and skateboarding with her mum, as well as building rafts. She hopes to pass on these adventures to her own children.

Despite the title, Skelton says that the book isn’t just for girls. She believes adventure is a leveller - an activity ________ men and women are equal. Adventures ________ also be educational. Skelton says when you’re at the mercy of the elements you have to adapt and be flexible, which is a great lesson for life.

Of all the places she ________ to, Skelton says the South Pole was particularly hard. “It’s like living in a freezer. It’s the windiest, driest, coldest place on Earth.” Skelton explains, “You can’t even put up your tent, which is your only shelter, ________ putting on huge gloves, otherwise you’ll get a frostbite. ________ up a tent in oven gloves isn’t easy.”

Her advice to any aspiring adventurers would be to “not worry about ________ comments other people might make. When I said I’m going to kayak the Amazon, people told me that’s madness. And, if I had listened to them, I never would have done ________ of it. So just try.”

（B）

Monocle reaches Sconser, on Scotland’s remote northern Isle of Skye, late on a dreary Thursday afternoon. A van decorated with the image of a scallop ________ outside a white-washed house on a slope overlooking Loch Sligachan - it’s a sign that we’ve reached the right place.

David made the permanent move to Skye in ________ early twenties and soon hit upon the idea of farming scallops. “It took years of trials: different methods searching for different spots.” But from failure ________ understanding and in 1988 requested a Crown Estate lease from the local government office. After a lengthy process he was given a patch of water close to his home. “We had to prove our intervention was going to benefit the natural habitat of the bay, and ________ we were going to be caretakers of the ecosplayystem,” says David. The area remains open ________ anybody for passage and fishing, but his prized scallops must not be disturbed.

The next morning we head to the shore to meet David’s son Ben, who is busy unloading bags of fresh shells - 350 at Ben’s best guess. He’s just helped his father to unzip his heavy wetsuit. Ben’s first shop is Portree and a restaurant called Dulse it is our responsibility ________ sustain these businesses,” says head chef Peter Cullen, as he cracks open one of the scallops in his kitchen. The rest of the orders will reach restaurants all over Skye, ________ from smaller venues to Michelin-starred Lochbay in the nearby settlement of Stein.

What sets Sconser seallops apart is the manner in which they are cultivated. Firstly, David dives in to shift young scallops from the deeper water off the coast into the shallows; left in their natural habitat they are subject to predators and unpredictable conditions. The change in setting also provides access to more light and nutrients. ________ they’re large enough they are dived and moved again - hence the “twice - dived” term seen on menus.

David’s isn’t the only food-focused firm ________ has thrived in his Scottish outpost. From the Isle of Skye Ditillers’ gin to the Isle of Skye Sea Salt Company. Sconser Scallops is one of a growing number of start - ups using environmentally friendly methods with success. Ben’s own effort is next : a line of skincare products made of locally ________ seaweed. “There is so much potential on Skye,” he says, “I wouldn’t live anywhere else.”

Section B

Directions: Complete the following sentences in English according to what is given in Chinese, using the words given in the brackets.

21. ________________________ does good to children’s growth.

22. That football team ________________________ so as to get familiar with the awful weather.

23. It must also be acknowledged that many of China’s ________________________ which are ultimately protecting their bottomline.

24. ________________________, the URB-E can travel for 32 kilometers on a single charge, reaching a TOP speed of 24 kilometers per hour.

25. Risk-taking is a way of life for those who ________________________.

26. It may seem no use ________________________. However, it can serve as an emotional outlet and even a cure for depression.

27. Language learners all know ________________________ but few put it into practice in day-to-day life.

28. With the job-hunting season approaching, the store specializing in ________________________ had to put up adverti百度竞价推广ents for experienced tailors.

29. When he was young, his parents often took him to museums, galleries, and concerts to _____________________.

30. The problem with this approach to teaching English is that ________________________ in language learning tends to make students turn a blind eye to accumulation during language acquisition.

Section C

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

31.处置客户对于商品的投诉时，越礼貌越好.

32.与那些固执已见的人就这个问题争论下去没意义.。 

33.对于新年期间买不到机票的旅客而言，高铁卧铺车票是最佳选择.。 

34.渔民们在湖底刚发现了一个古城遗址，就有一些科学家和建筑家赶往现场进行实地研究.